Improvement in screw-drivers



i. F. KINGWILL.

SCREW-DRIVER.

No.177,7Z4. Patented May 23,1876.

Wiinessea: Inventor:

" UN TED STATES PATEN'I OFFICE.

JOHN F. KINGWILL, on CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

IMPROVEMENT m SCREW-DRIVERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 177,724, dated May 23,1 876 application filed.

' March 15, 1876.

being bad to the accompanying drawing, forming part of thisspecification, in which Figure llis a front View; Fig. 2, View of(lriver without handle; Fig; 3,. horizontal section of Fig. 1 from StoS.

My invention relates to screw-drivers; and consists in providing thehandle with a ratchet-ferrule, and also in providing the blade with apawl carrying a spring that is adjustable to either edge of the blade,to reverse the motion of the same in forcing the screw in or out ofposition, allowing the handle toremain stationary in the hand. v

1n the accompanying drawing, A represents the handle, of suitablematerial; B, ferrule, generally placed upon-- the lower endof the,handle, to prevent the same from splitting, while-in this instanceteeth are cut upon or in the lower edge, that receive the pawl 0, thusserving as an ordinary ferrule, and also as a ratchet. O is the blade,the upper end made round the distance it is to enter the handle, asrepresented by D; a, washer, fitting loosely on the rounded portion ofthe blade; b, stationary washer, secured to the rounded portion, forminga shoulder; d, spring, the desired length, one end of which is securedto than the top, engages firmly the washer a, carrying it back againstthe end of the handle, and holds the same firmly in position. shoulder12, coming in contact with the washer, prevents the blade fromdisengaging the bandle, but allows it to turn in either direction whenrequired. The pawl o is then secured to the blade, by riveting orothersuitable means, and the spring 01 attached to the pawl.

' When a person desires to force a screw into position, the lower end ofthe spring assumes the position represented in Fig.1. This opcrationcauses the end of the pawl to engage the teeth upon theferrule. The handis then turned as far as convehient, and retains its hold upon thehandle, turning the same to the point of starting; the pawl rides overthe teeth, and when the hand again moves in the opposite direction, thepawl again engages the -teeth, and when a screw is to be withdrawn thelower end of the spring is carried over to the opposite side. (Indicatedby dotted lines. shown in Fig.1.) This operation 'disengages the pawlupon that side, and causes it toengage the teeth upon the oppositeside,when the operation is the same as above.

' It will be observed that the strain in driving the screw or drawing itis upon the ferrule,

and it the inner surface was smooth it would be liable to turn. Toprevent this least one or more projections on the inside, that forcetheir way into the wood where the ferrule is pressed on. Having thusdescribed my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure byLet- The i

